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James A. Garfield
- 626 – Li Shimin led his forces to assassinate his rival brothers in a coup for the imperial throne of Tang China.
- 1644 – First English Civil War: The combined forces of Scottish Covenanters and English Parliamentarians defeated Royalist troops at the Battle of Marston Moor.
- 1724 – On the Feast of the Visitation, Bach led the first performance of his Meine Seel erhebt den Herren, BWV 10, based on the German Magnificat.
- 1881 – U.S. president James A. Garfield (pictured) was fatally shot by Charles J. Guiteau at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad station in Washington, D.C.
- 1964 – The Civil Rights Act was signed into law, outlawing segregation in schools, at the workplace, and other facilities that served the general public in the United States.
- Walter Potter (b. 1835)
- Erich Topp (b. 1914)
- Joseph Fielding Smith (d. 1972)
- Sam Hornish Jr. (b. 1979)