The Rome–Ancona railway (or Ancona–Orte railway) is a rail line in central Italy connecting the city of Ancona with Orte, and therefore with the capital city, Rome. The line crosses the Apennine Mountains from the Adriatic Sea to the Tyrrhenian Sea, passing through Foligno, Spoleto, and Terni.

Ancona–Orte
Overview
StatusOperational
Line number105, 106, 114
LocaleItaly
Termini
Service
TypeHeavy rail
SystemItalian railway system
Operator(s)RFI (2001–present)
FS (1905–2001)
RA (1885–1905)
SFR (1866–1885)
History
Opened1866
Technical
Line length212 km (132 mi)
Number of tracks2 (Ancona–Montecarotto, P.M. 228–Fabriano, Foligno–Campello, Terni–Orte)
otherwise 1
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
Electrification3 kV DC
Operating speed180 km/h (110 mph)
Route map

km
0.000
Roma Termini
58 m
Roma San Lorenzo
4.505
Roma Tiburtina
25 m
7.183
Roma Nomentana
(opened 1983)
25 m
10.330
Nuovo Salario
(opened 1981)
24 m
Roma marshalling yard
12.772
Fidene
(opened 1995)
25 m
16.379
Settebagni
27 m
25.582
Monterotondo-Mentana
24 m
30.994
Piana Bella di Montelibretti
(opened 1981)
24 m
37.130
Fara Sabina-Montelibretti
34 m
to Rieti, Antrodoco and San
Benedetto del Tronto, not built
48.521
Poggio Mirteto
32 m
52.835
Gavignano Sabino
33 m
56.784
Stimigliano
43 m
60.810
Collevecchio-Poggio Sommavilla
39 m
69.737
Civita Castellana-Magliano
47 m
73.837
Gallese in Teverina
45 m
Orte Sud link from Florence–Rome (HS)
82.503
Orte
52 m
A1E35-E45
Lazio
Umbria
border
88.341
San Liberato
67 m
91.884
Nera Montoro
83 m
old route, closed 1998
92.583
Santa Croce tunnel (3,660 m)
96.243
97.320
98.770
Narni-Amelia
93 m
111.479
Terni
(end of double track) 129 m
123.591
Giuncano
353 m
126.627
Balduini tunnel (1.642 m)
128.269
Balduini
431 m
133.927
Baiano di Spoleto
380 m
140.709
Spoleto
SSIF / RFI
304 m
SSIF line to Norcia (closed 1968)
146.724
San Giacomo di Spoleto
257 m
150.607
Campello sul Clitunno
(start of double track)
232 m
157.086
Trevi
214 m
165.971
Foligno
(end of double track) 239 m
170.146
Scanzano-Belfiore
270 m
175.429
Capodacqua-Pieve Fanonica
321 m
179.245
Valtopina
360 m
184.601
Nocera Umbra
396 m
189.460
Ponte Parrano di Nocera Umbra
(opened 1947[1])
440 m
194.796
Gaifana
484 m
201.893
Gualdo Tadino
462 m
FS–FAC link (closed)
207.729
Fossato di Vico-Gubbio
RFI / FAC
463 m
FAC line to Arezzo (closed 1945)
211.601
Fossato tunnel crossing loop
211.782
Fossato tunnel (1,908 m)
Umbria
Marche
border
213.690
216.950
Cancelli di Fabriano
(opened 1942[2])
423 m
Fabriano
(old )
from Pergola (closed 2013)
223.903
Fabriano
(start of double track) 325 m
old route, closed 2009
225.520
Fabriano tunnel (1.717 m)
227.237
228.208
228.054
P.M. 228 crossing loop
(end of double track)
276 m
232.018
Albacina
240 m
to Civitanova Marche, bridge over Giano
bridge over Esino
bridge over Esino
bridge over Sentino
239.397
Genga-San Vittore Terme
(opened 1916[3])
195 m
bridge over Esino
242.739
Della Rossa tunnel (1,228 m)
243.967
bridge over Esino
246.295
Serra San Quirico
158 m
252.541
252.657
Castelplanio-Cupramontana
(start of double track)
125 m
start of deviation, opened 2017[4]
bridge over Esino
bridge over Esino
end of deviation, opened 2017
258.430
Montecarotto-Castelbellino
97 m
261.240
Pantiere di Castelbellino
(opened 1949[5])
86 m
267.403
Jesi
69 m
273.990
Jesi Interporto
(opened 2018[6])
37 m
278.185
Chiaravalle
22 m
bridge over Esino
A14E55
280.961
283.787
Carbonifera junction,
to Bologna
(1936–1944[nb 1][7], reopened
1946,[8] now closed)
283.828
Falconara Stadio
(opened 2004[9])
285.429
195.299
Falconara Marittima
4 m
198.307
Palombina
4 m
200.557
Ancona Torrette
(opened 2002[10])
1 m
Ancona tramways (closed 1949)
0.000
Ancona ATMA (closed 1949) / RFI
3 m
km
Source: Italian railway atlas[11]

History

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A map of railway lines in Italy in 1870, with the Ancona–Orte line completed.
Track Opened[12]
Falconara MarittimaAncona 17 November 1861[nb 2]
Rome-Orte 1 April 1865[nb 3]
Orte–Foligno 4 January 1866
Foligno–Falconara Marittima 29 April 1866

Plans for a railway line between Rome and the Adriatic coast began in 1846 in the Papal state, after the death of Pope Gregory XVI, who strongly opposed rail. The construction of the new railway was authorized on 7 November 1846 by the new Pope Pius IX, to link Rome with the main port on the Adriatic sea, Ancona.[13] The aim was also to reach Bologna and Modena, and thus to connect the Papal state to Lombardy and Veneto railway network.

The project was initially named Strada Ferrata «Pio Centrale» in honor of the Pope, but was finished only on 29 April 1866, under the newly born Kingdom of Italy. Works were slowed by the process of Italian unification, lack of funds, and complications due to the difficult terrain. However, the partially completed line was opened since 1865, with trains operated by Società per le strade ferrate romane (SSFR).

The line was interrupted by Papal army in 1870 in an attempt to fight back the Italian army invading Rome. The line was soon reactivated once Rome became capital of the Kingdom. The state took control of the line after the failure of SSFR. The line was subsequently incorporated into the Adriatic network and managed by Società Italiana per le strade ferrate meridionali (Italian company for southern railways), which doubled tracks between Rome and Orte in 1890.

The management of the line was moved to Ferrovie dello Stato (FS) in 1905. In 1907, the section between Ancona and Falconara Marittima was doubled. The electrification of the line was completed on 28 October 1935, and travel time reduced from about 7 to 4 hours. The line was severely damaged in the Second World War and was completely reopened in 1946.

Operation

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Regional and Intercity trains are operated on the line by Trenitalia. The capacity is severely limited by single-track sections. Of the total length of 299 km, 125 km are single track.

See also

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^ km 283.614
  2. ^ Part of Bologna–Ancona railway.
  3. ^ Part of Florence–Rome railway.

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Ordine di Servizio (in Italian) (69). Ferrovie dello Stato. 1947.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  2. ^ Ordine di Servizio (in Italian) (56). Ferrovie dello Stato. 1942.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  3. ^ Ordine di Servizio (in Italian) (146). Ferrovie dello Stato. 1916.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  4. ^ "Circolare Territoriale RFI DTP AN 13/2017" (in Italian). Rete Ferroviaria Italiana. 9 July 2017.
  5. ^ Ordine di Servizio (in Italian) (15). Ferrovie dello Stato. 1949.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  6. ^ "Circolare Territoriale RFI DTP AN 24/2018" (in Italian). Rete Ferroviaria Italiana. 23 December 2018.
  7. ^ "NP-4 Ancona". Ricordi di Rotaie - Volume 2: Nodi principali & nodi complementari. 2001. p. 59. ISBN 88-87243-43-3.
  8. ^ Ordine di Servizio (in Italian) (30 del 1946). Ferrovie dello Stato.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  9. ^ "Impianti FS". I Treni (in Italian). XXVI (267): 6–7. February 2005. ISSN 0392-4602.
  10. ^ "Impianti FS". I Treni (in Italian). XXIII (241): 7. October 2002. ISSN 0392-4602.
  11. ^ Railway Atlas 2017, pp. 55, 60, 64, 65, 69, 147, 149.
  12. ^ Prospetto cronologico 1926.
  13. ^ Ministero del commercio e dei Lavori Pubblici, Ragguaglio di quanto è stato operato dal 1859 al 1863 (railways section), Rome, Tipografia della Reverenda Camera Apostolica, 1864.

Sources

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  • Rete Ferroviaria Italiana. Fascicolo linea 105 (Ancona–Foligno)
  • Rete Ferroviaria Italiana. Fascicolo linea 106 (Foligno–Orte)
  • Tiberi, Gianfranco (1989). Gli investimenti ferroviari: 150 anni di altalena, in La tecnica professionale. Roma: CIFI.
  • Turchi, Gian Guido (1979). La ferrovia Roma-Ancona dalla "Pio centrale" al "Pendolino", in Ferrovie italmodel. Verona: Edizioni EMME.
  • Tuzza, Alessandro, ed. (1927). "Prospetto cronologico dei tratti di ferrovia aperti all'esercizio dal 1839 al 31 dicembre 1926" (in Italian). Ufficio Centrale di Statistica delle Ferrovie dello Stato/Trenidicarta.it. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  • Atlante ferroviario d'Italia e Slovenia [Railway atlas of Italy and Slovenia]. Schweers + Wall. 2010. ISBN 978-3-89494-129-1.}