NADPH oxidase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOX4 gene, and is a member of the NOX family of NADPH oxidases.[5]

NOX4
Identifiers
AliasesNOX4, KOX, KOX-1, RENOX, NADPH oxidase 4
External IDsOMIM: 605261; MGI: 1354184; HomoloGene: 41065; GeneCards: NOX4; OMA:NOX4 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001285833
NM_001285835
NM_015760

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001272762
NP_001272764
NP_056575

Location (UCSC)Chr 11: 89.32 – 89.5 MbChr 7: 86.9 – 87.05 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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Oxygen sensing is essential for homeostasis in all aerobic organisms. A phagocyte-type oxidase, similar to that responsible for the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophil granulocytes, with resultant antimicrobial activity, has been postulated to function in the kidney as an oxygen sensor that regulates the synthesis of erythropoietin in the renal cortex.[5]

Nox4 protects the vasculature against inflammatory stress.[6] Nox-dependent reactive oxygen species modulation by amino endoperoxides can induce apoptosis in high Nox4-expressing cancer cells.[7]

A study found that NOX4 facilitates certain beneficial adaptive responses to exercise mediated by ROS. Moreover, reductions in skeletal muscle NOX4 in aging and obesity was shown to contribute to the development of insulin resistance and may promote oxidative stress.[8]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000086991Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030562Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: NOX4 NADPH oxidase 4".
  6. ^ Schröder K, Zhang M, Benkhoff S, Mieth A, Pliquett R, Kosowski J, Kruse C, Luedike P, Michaelis UR, Weissmann N, Dimmeler S, Shah AM, Brandes RP (April 2012). "Nox4 is a protective reactive oxygen species generating vascular NADPH oxidase". Circ. Res. 110 (9): 1217–25. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.267054. PMID 22456182.
  7. ^ Zhu P, Tong BM, Wang R, Chen JP, Foo S, Chong HC, Wang XL, Ang GY, Chiba S, Tan NS (March 2013). "Nox4-dependent ROS modulation by amino endoperoxides to induce apoptosis in cancer cells". Cell Death Dis. 4 (3): e552. doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.68. PMC 3615744. PMID 23519121.
  8. ^ Xirouchaki, Chrysovalantou E.; Jia, Yaoyao; McGrath, Meagan J.; Greatorex, Spencer; Tran, Melanie; Merry, Troy L.; Hong, Dawn; Eramo, Matthew J.; Broome, Sophie C.; Woodhead, Jonathan S. T.; D’souza, Randall F.; Gallagher, Jenny; Salimova, Ekaterina; Huang, Cheng; Schittenhelm, Ralf B.; Sadoshima, Junichi; Watt, Matthew J.; Mitchell, Christina A.; Tiganis, Tony (December 2021). "Skeletal muscle NOX4 is required for adaptive responses that prevent insulin resistance". Science Advances. 7 (51): eabl4988. Bibcode:2021SciA....7L4988X. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abl4988. PMC 8673768. PMID 34910515.

Further reading

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