Molybdenum cofactor synthesis protein 2A and molybdenum cofactor synthesis protein 2B are a pair of proteins that in humans are encoded from the same MOCS2 gene.[5][6][7] These two proteins dimerize to form molybdopterin synthase.

MOCS2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesMOCS2, MCBPE, MOCO1, MOCODB, MPTS, molybdenum cofactor synthesis 2
External IDsOMIM: 603708; MGI: 1336894; HomoloGene: 32193; GeneCards: MOCS2; OMA:MOCS2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_176806
NM_004531

NM_001113374
NM_001113375
NM_013826

RefSeq (protein)

NP_004522
NP_789776
NP_789776.1

NP_001106845
NP_001106846
NP_038854

Location (UCSC)Chr 5: 53.1 – 53.11 MbChr 13: 114.95 – 114.97 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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Eukaryotic molybdoenzymes use a unique molybdenum cofactor (MoCo) consisting of a pterin and the catalytically active metal molybdenum. MoCo is synthesized from cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate (precursor Z) by the heterodimeric enzyme molybdopterin synthase.[7]

Gene

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The large and small subunits of molybdopterin synthase are both encoded from the MOCS2 gene by overlapping open reading frames. The proteins were initially thought to be encoded from a bicistronic transcript. They are now thought to be encoded from monocistronic transcripts. Alternatively spliced transcripts have been found for this locus that encode the large and small subunits.[7]

The MOCS2 gene contains 7 exons. Exons 1 to 3 encode MOCS2A (the small subunit), and exons 3 to 7 encode MOCS2B (large subunit).[5]

Genetic disease

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Defects in both copies of MOCS2 cause the molybdenum cofactor deficiency disease in babies.[8]

Protein structure

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MOCS2A and MOCS2B subunits form dimers in solution. These dimers in turn dimerize to form the tetrameric molybdopterin synthase complex.[9]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164172Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000015536Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b Reiss J, Dorche C, Stallmeyer B, Mendel RR, Cohen N, Zabot MT (March 1999). "Human molybdopterin synthase gene: genomic structure and mutations in molybdenum cofactor deficiency type B". American Journal of Human Genetics. 64 (3): 706–11. doi:10.1086/302296. PMC 1377787. PMID 10053004.
  6. ^ Sloan J, Kinghorn JR, Unkles SE (February 1999). "The two subunits of human molybdopterin synthase: evidence for a bicistronic messenger RNA with overlapping reading frames". Nucleic Acids Research. 27 (3): 854–8. doi:10.1093/nar/27.3.854. PMC 148257. PMID 9889283.
  7. ^ a b c EntrezGene 4338: MOCS2 molybdenum cofactor synthesis 2
  8. ^ Ichida K, Aydin HI, Hosoyamada M, et al. (2006). "A Turkish case with molybdenum cofactor deficiency". Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids. 25 (9–11): 1087–91. doi:10.1080/15257770600894022. PMID 17065069. S2CID 40601679.
  9. ^ Leimkuhler S, Freuer A, Araujo JA, Rajagopalan KV, Mendel RR (July 2003). "Mechanistic studies of human molybdopterin synthase reaction and characterization of mutants identified in group B patients of molybdenum cofactor deficiency". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (28): 26127–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303092200. PMID 12732628.

Further reading

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