Giera (Hungarian: Gyér; German: Gier; Serbian: Ђир, romanizedĐir) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Giera (commune seat), Grănicerii and Toager.

Giera
Location in Timiș County
Location in Timiș County
Giera is located in Romania
Giera
Giera
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°24′N 21°0′E / 45.400°N 21.000°E / 45.400; 21.000
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Radu Vicol[1] (PSD)
Area91 km2 (35 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[3]
1,131
 • Density12/km2 (32/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
307215–307217
Vehicle reg.TM

History

edit
 
Giera (Gyr) and Toager (Thodier) in the Josephinische Landesaufnahme of 1769–1772

The first recorded mention of Giera dates from 1322, when it was a property of the Csanád clan [hu];[4] Tivadar Vejtehi donated it to his son-in-law Omori Gál.[5] At the 1717 census, in Giera there were 12 houses inhabited by Serbs and an Orthodox church (built since 1667).[5] They settled here during the 17th century. From 1795, the domain (including Toager, Grănicerii and Livezile) came into the possession of the Gyertyánffy family [hu], a Hungarian noble family of Armenian origin, taking the name Gyér.[6] In 1829, Lukács Gyertyánffy built a mansion in Giera, near the grain storehouse (now a historical monument), built in turn by Andor Gyertyánffy; the mansion is preserved to this day.[6] The Gyertyánffys also owned a grove called Gradinaț (Hungarian: Grádácz), where an Avar ring and a Turkish fortress were later unearthed.[5]

Demographics

edit

Ethnic composition (2011)[7]

  Romanians (65.54%)
  Hungarians (17.03%)
  Roma (7.99%)
  Serbs (4.52%)
  Germans (1.69%)
  Unknown (2.99%)
  Others (0.24%)

Religious composition (2011)[8]

  Orthodox (68.2%)
  Roman Catholics (20.82%)
  Serbian Orthodox (4.44%)
  Pentecostals (1.29%)
  Baptists (1.13%)
  Unknown (2.99%)
  Others (1.13%)

Giera had a population of 1,239 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 6% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (65.54%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (17.03%), Roma (7.99%), Serbs (4.52%) and Germans (1.69%). For 2.99% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[7] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (68.2%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (20.82%), Serbian Orthodox (4.44%), Pentecostals (1.29%) and Baptists (1.13%). For 2.99% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[8]

Census[9] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Serbs
1880 2,888 834 353 1,290 397
1890 3,442 837 588 1,550 458
1900 3,504 850 668 1,514 457
1910 3,483 943 652 1,345 527
1920 3,461 875 732 1,362
1930 3,221 1,045 493 1,260 1 404
1941 3,261 1,177 560 1,147
1956 2,473 856 520 764 317
1966 2,185 774 512 652 244
1977 1,697 750 414 349 11 170
1992 1,228 719 303 43 64 97
2002 1,321 855 276 32 88 64
2011 1,239 812 211 21 99 56

References

edit
  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Primăria Giera". Ghidul Primăriilor.
  3. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  4. ^ Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
  5. ^ a b c Reiszig, Ede (1912). "Torontál vármegye községei". In Borovszky, Samu (ed.). Magyarország vármegyéi és városai. Budapest: Országos Monografia Társaság.
  6. ^ a b "Depozitul de cereale din Giera". Prin Banat. 22 April 2014.
  7. ^ a b "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
  8. ^ a b "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
  9. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-10-09.