1828 United States elections

The 1828 United States elections elected the members of the 21st United States Congress. It marked the beginning of the Second Party System, and the definitive split of the Democratic-Republican Party into the Democratic Party (organized around Andrew Jackson) and the National Republican Party (organized around John Quincy Adams and opponents of Jackson). While the Democrats cultivated strong local organizations, the National Republicans relied on a clear national platform of high tariffs and internal improvements.[3] Political scientists such as V.O. Key Jr. consider this election to be a realigning election, while political scientists such as James Reichley instead see the election as a continuation of the Democratic-Republican tradition.[4] Additionally, this election saw the Anti-Masonic Party win a small number of seats in the House, becoming the first third party to gain representation in Congress.

1828 United States elections
1826          1827          1828          1829          1830
Presidential election year
Incumbent presidentJohn Quincy Adams
(National Republican)
Next Congress21st
Presidential election
Partisan controlDemocratic gain
Popular vote marginDemocratic +12.4%
Electoral vote
Andrew Jackson (D)178
John Quincy Adams (NR)83
1828 United States presidential election in Maine1828 United States presidential election in New Hampshire1828 United States presidential election in Massachusetts1828 United States presidential election in Rhode Island1828 United States presidential election in Connecticut1828 United States presidential election in New York1828 United States presidential election in Vermont1828 United States presidential election in New Jersey1828 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania1828 United States presidential election in Delaware1828 United States presidential election in Maryland1828 United States presidential election in Virginia1828 United States presidential election in Ohio1828 United States presidential election in Indiana1828 United States presidential election in Illinois1828 United States presidential election in Kentucky1828 United States presidential election in Tennessee1828 United States presidential election in North Carolina1828 United States presidential election in South Carolina1828 United States presidential election in Georgia1828 United States presidential election in Alabama1828 United States presidential election in Mississippi1828 United States presidential election in Louisiana1828 United States presidential election in Missouri
1828 presidential election results. Blue denotes states won by Jackson, light yellow denotes state won by Adams. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.
Senate elections
Overall controlDemocratic hold
Seats contested16 of 48 seats[1]
Net seat changeAnti-Jacksonian +1[2]
House elections
Overall controlDemocratic hold
Seats contestedAll 213 voting members
Net seat changeDemocratic +23[2]

In a re-match of the 1824 presidential election, Democratic General Andrew Jackson won a large victory over incumbent National Republican President John Quincy Adams.[5] Adams again won New England, but Jackson took most of the rest of the country. Jackson was the first successful presidential candidate who had not served as secretary of state or vice president in the preceding administration (aside from George Washington). Adams was the first president to lose re-election since his father, John Adams, lost re-election in 1800. John C. Calhoun was re-elected vice president, making him the second and last vice president to serve under two different presidents. Jackson's election as president marked the start of Jacksonian democracy, and an ongoing expansion in right to vote saw a dramatic increase in the size of the electorate.[6]

In the House, Democrats won several seats, increasing their majority. The Anti-Masonic Party won a small number of seats, gaining representation in Congress for the first time.[7]

In the Senate, opponents of Jackson won minor gains, but Democrats retained control of the chamber.[8]

See also

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Note

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References

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  1. ^ Not counting special elections.
  2. ^ a b Congressional seat gain figures only reflect the results of the regularly-scheduled elections, and do not take special elections into account.
  3. ^ "Presidential elections". History.com. History Channel. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  4. ^ Reichley, A. James (2000). The Life of the Parties (Paperback ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 8–12.
  5. ^ "1828 Presidential Election". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  6. ^ Kish, J.N. "U.S. Population 1776 to Present". Google Fusion Tables. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
  7. ^ "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives". United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  8. ^ "Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present". United States Senate. Retrieved 25 June 2014.