Jordan's totient function

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In number theory, Jordan's totient function, denoted as , where is a positive integer, is a function of a positive integer, , that equals the number of -tuples of positive integers that are less than or equal to and that together with form a coprime set of integers

Jordan's totient function is a generalization of Euler's totient function, which is the same as . The function is named after Camille Jordan.

Definition

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For each positive integer  , Jordan's totient function   is multiplicative and may be evaluated as

 , where   ranges through the prime divisors of  .

Properties

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  •  
which may be written in the language of Dirichlet convolutions as[1]
 
and via Möbius inversion as
 .
Since the Dirichlet generating function of   is   and the Dirichlet generating function of   is  , the series for   becomes
 .
 .
 ,
and by inspection of the definition (recognizing that each factor in the product over the primes is a cyclotomic polynomial of  ), the arithmetic functions defined by   or   can also be shown to be integer-valued multiplicative functions.
  •  .[2]

Order of matrix groups

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  • The general linear group of matrices of order   over   has order[3]
 
  • The special linear group of matrices of order   over   has order
 
  • The symplectic group of matrices of order   over   has order
 

The first two formulas were discovered by Jordan.

Examples

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Notes

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  1. ^ Sándor & Crstici (2004) p.106
  2. ^ Holden et al in external links. The formula is Gegenbauer's.
  3. ^ All of these formulas are from Andrica and Piticari in #External links.

References

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  • L. E. Dickson (1971) [1919]. History of the Theory of Numbers, Vol. I. Chelsea Publishing. p. 147. ISBN 0-8284-0086-5. JFM 47.0100.04.
  • M. Ram Murty (2001). Problems in Analytic Number Theory. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 206. Springer-Verlag. p. 11. ISBN 0-387-95143-1. Zbl 0971.11001.
  • Sándor, Jozsef; Crstici, Borislav (2004). Handbook of number theory II. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. pp. 32–36. ISBN 1-4020-2546-7. Zbl 1079.11001.
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