Order-4 apeirogonal tiling

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Order-4 apeirogonal tiling
Order-4 apeirogonal tiling
Poincaré disk model of the hyperbolic plane
Type Hyperbolic regular tiling
Vertex configuration 4
Schläfli symbol {∞,4}
r{∞,∞}
t(∞,∞,∞)
t0,1,2,3(∞,∞,∞,∞)
Wythoff symbol 4 | ∞ 2
2 | ∞ ∞
∞ ∞ | ∞
Coxeter diagram

Symmetry group [∞,4], (*∞42)
[∞,∞], (*∞∞2)
[(∞,∞,∞)], (*∞∞∞)
(*∞∞∞∞)
Dual Infinite-order square tiling
Properties Vertex-transitive, edge-transitive, face-transitive edge-transitive

In geometry, the order-4 apeirogonal tiling is a regular tiling of the hyperbolic plane. It has Schläfli symbol of {∞,4}.

Symmetry

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This tiling represents the mirror lines of *2 symmetry. Its dual tiling represents the fundamental domains of orbifold notation *∞∞∞∞ symmetry, a square domain with four ideal vertices.

 

Uniform colorings

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Like the Euclidean square tiling there are 9 uniform colorings for this tiling, with 3 uniform colorings generated by triangle reflective domains. A fourth can be constructed from an infinite square symmetry (*∞∞∞∞) with 4 colors around a vertex. The checker board, r{∞,∞}, coloring defines the fundamental domains of [(∞,4,4)], (*∞44) symmetry, usually shown as black and white domains of reflective orientations.

1 color 2 color 3 and 2 colors 4, 3 and 2 colors
[∞,4], (*∞42) [∞,∞], (*∞∞2) [(∞,∞,∞)], (*∞∞∞) (*∞∞∞∞)
{∞,4} r{∞,∞}
= {∞,4}12
t0,2(∞,∞,∞)
= r{∞,∞}12
t0,1,2,3(∞,∞,∞,∞)
= r{∞,∞}14 = {∞,4}18
 
(1111)
 
(1212)
 
(1213)
 
(1112)
 
(1234)
 
(1123)
 
(1122)
          =            =      
      =     
      =       =      
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This tiling is also topologically related as a part of sequence of regular polyhedra and tilings with four faces per vertex, starting with the octahedron, with Schläfli symbol {n,4}, and Coxeter diagram      , with n progressing to infinity.

*n42 symmetry mutation of regular tilings: {n,4}
Spherical Euclidean Hyperbolic tilings
               
24 34 44 54 64 74 84 ...4
Paracompact uniform tilings in [∞,4] family
                                         
             
{∞,4} t{∞,4} r{∞,4} 2t{∞,4}=t{4,∞} 2r{∞,4}={4,∞} rr{∞,4} tr{∞,4}
Dual figures
                                         
             
V∞4 V4.∞.∞ V(4.∞)2 V8.8.∞ V4 V43.∞ V4.8.∞
Alternations
[1+,∞,4]
(*44∞)
[∞+,4]
(∞*2)
[∞,1+,4]
(*2∞2∞)
[∞,4+]
(4*∞)
[∞,4,1+]
(*∞∞2)
[(∞,4,2+)]
(2*2∞)
[∞,4]+
(∞42)
     
=    
                       
=    
           
h{∞,4} s{∞,4} hr{∞,4} s{4,∞} h{4,∞} hrr{∞,4} s{∞,4}
       
Alternation duals
                                         
   
V(∞.4)4 V3.(3.∞)2 V(4.∞.4)2 V3.∞.(3.4)2 V∞ V∞.44 V3.3.4.3.∞
Paracompact uniform tilings in [∞,∞] family
     
=      
=     
     
=      
=     
     
=      
=     
     
=      
=     
     
=      
=     
     
=      
     
=      
             
{∞,∞} t{∞,∞} r{∞,∞} 2t{∞,∞}=t{∞,∞} 2r{∞,∞}={∞,∞} rr{∞,∞} tr{∞,∞}
Dual tilings
                                         
             
V∞ V∞.∞.∞ V(∞.∞)2 V∞.∞.∞ V∞ V4.∞.4.∞ V4.4.∞
Alternations
[1+,∞,∞]
(*∞∞2)
[∞+,∞]
(∞*∞)
[∞,1+,∞]
(*∞∞∞∞)
[∞,∞+]
(∞*∞)
[∞,∞,1+]
(*∞∞2)
[(∞,∞,2+)]
(2*∞∞)
[∞,∞]+
(2∞∞)
                                         
           
h{∞,∞} s{∞,∞} hr{∞,∞} s{∞,∞} h2{∞,∞} hrr{∞,∞} sr{∞,∞}
Alternation duals
                                         
       
V(∞.∞) V(3.∞)3 V(∞.4)4 V(3.∞)3 V∞ V(4.∞.4)2 V3.3.∞.3.∞
Paracompact uniform tilings in [(∞,∞,∞)] family
                                  
                                         
             
(∞,∞,∞)
h{∞,∞}
r(∞,∞,∞)
h2{∞,∞}
(∞,∞,∞)
h{∞,∞}
r(∞,∞,∞)
h2{∞,∞}
(∞,∞,∞)
h{∞,∞}
r(∞,∞,∞)
r{∞,∞}
t(∞,∞,∞)
t{∞,∞}
Dual tilings
             
V∞ V∞.∞.∞.∞ V∞ V∞.∞.∞.∞ V∞ V∞.∞.∞.∞ V∞.∞.∞
Alternations
[(1+,∞,∞,∞)]
(*∞∞∞∞)
[∞+,∞,∞)]
(∞*∞)
[∞,1+,∞,∞)]
(*∞∞∞∞)
[∞,∞+,∞)]
(∞*∞)
[(∞,∞,∞,1+)]
(*∞∞∞∞)
[(∞,∞,∞+)]
(∞*∞)
[∞,∞,∞)]+
(∞∞∞)
                                  
             
Alternation duals
           
V(∞.∞) V(∞.4)4 V(∞.∞) V(∞.4)4 V(∞.∞) V(∞.4)4 V3.∞.3.∞.3.∞

See also

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References

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  • John H. Conway, Heidi Burgiel, Chaim Goodman-Strauss, The Symmetries of Things 2008, ISBN 978-1-56881-220-5 (Chapter 19, The Hyperbolic Archimedean Tessellations)
  • "Chapter 10: Regular honeycombs in hyperbolic space". The Beauty of Geometry: Twelve Essays. Dover Publications. 1999. ISBN 0-486-40919-8. LCCN 99035678.
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