Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard started as William Skinner & Sons in downtown Baltimore, Maryland in 1815. In 1899 the shipyard was renamed Skinner Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company. Also at the site was Malster & Reanie started in 1870 by William T. Malster (1843–1907). In 1879 Malster partnered with William B. Reaney (1808-1883). In 1880 Malster & Reanie was sold and renamed Columbian Iron Works & Dry Dock Company (Lower Yard). Malster & Reanie and Skinner Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company merged in 1906, but remained as Skinner Shipbuilding. In 1914 the company was renamed Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Company. Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Company sold to Bethlehem Steel in 1922, becoming part of Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation. Bethlehem Steel operated the shipyard for ship repair, conversion and some ship construction. Bethlehem's main ship construction site was across the harbor at Bethlehem Sparrows Point. Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard was known as the Bethlehem Upper Yard located north-east side of Federal Hill. Bethlehem Fort McHenry Shipyard located on the west side of Locust Point peninsula was known as the Lower Yard, near Fort McHenry.[1]

USS Webster moored pierside at Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard in March 1945

Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard

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Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard, the 42-acre Upper Yard, was sold to AME/Swirnow in 1983. Swirnow shipyard sold the land in 2002 and is now Ritz Carlton and Harborview communities near to the Baltimore Museum of Industry at 39°16′28″N 76°36′06″W / 39.274497°N 76.601605°W / 39.274497; -76.601605.[2][3]

A Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard 100 feet tall crane built in the 1940s during World War II is on display at The Baltimore Museum of Industry along with other artifacts. The crane was used at the Bethlehem Fairfield Shipyard to help build Liberty ships, Victory ships and amphibious landing ships. Fairfield closed in 1945 and the crane was moved to Bethlehem Key Highway Shipyard in 1945.[8]

Bethlehem Fort McHenry Shipyard

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Bethlehem Fort McHenry Shipyard, the Lower Yard, was sold to General Ship Repair in 1983. The site is now some of Port of Baltimore terminals at 39°16′05″N 76°34′58″W / 39.268133°N 76.582872°W / 39.268133; -76.582872. (former Columbian Iron Works & Dry Dock Company 1899-1906)[9][10]

Baltimore Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company

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Columbian Iron Works and Dry Dock Company (1899—1906) went into receivership in 1899 and was reorganized as Baltimore Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, and was purchased by William B. Skinner and Sons in 1905. In 1915, Skinner and Sons went into receivership and was reorganized as the Baltimore Dry Dock and Shipbuilding Corporation.[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]

Baltimore Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company specialized in building and repairing tanker ships. Sample:

  • SS Bethelridfe, and SS Betterton, tankers built in 1919 at 10,300 tons, 444 feet long, 59 beam, 34 tanks, 2,500 HP. Four others built.[21][22][23]
  • SS Arundel built in 1904
 
Baltimore Dock in 1880

Skinner Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company

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Skinner Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, also called William Skinner & Sons. (1906—1915).[24][25] Shipyard samples:

Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Company

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Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Company (1915-1922), also called the Upper Plant on 9.6 acres.[29][30]

Ships built:

Malster & Reanie

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William T. Malster (1843-1907), in 1897

Malster & Reanie (1872-1880) built yachts and other ships. William T. Malster (1843-1907) was the Mayor of Baltimore from 1897 to 1899. Malster was the son of a Confederate Colonel.[44][45]

William B. Reaney (1808-1883) was raised in Philadelphia with private tutors. In 1849 started working in his father, Thomas Reaney, shipyard in the engineering department, Reaney & Neafie Shipyard. Thomas Reaney and Samuel Archbold also started the Pennsylvania Iron Works. He and his father moved to city of Chester and started a new yard, Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works, commonly known as Roach's Ship Yard. Reaney, Son & Archbold built ships for the American Civil War. building the USS Wateree, USS Suwanee and USS Shamokin, USS Sagamore, USS Lehigh, and USS Tunxis purposes, including the river steamboat Samuel M. Felton. In 1872 the yards were sold to John Roach. In 1872 he entered in to a partnership with Malster. In 1874 he build a new yard in Philadelphia as owner and naval architect. In 1879 sold and became the manager of the Eureka Cast Steel Company of Chester.[46]

Sample built: La Brerague, yacht 240 feet for Eugene Tampkins[47]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Industry, Baltimore Museum of. "Key Highway Yards - Once Baltimore's "largest and most important" shipyard". Explore Baltimore Heritage.
  2. ^ "New dry dock expected to boost family-owned General Ship Repair | Maryland Daily Record". January 10, 2008.
  3. ^ "CONTENTdm". collections.digitalmaryland.org.
  4. ^ "Internal Combustion Engine Repair Ship Photo Index (ARG)". www.navsource.org.
  5. ^ "Tank Landing Ship ARL-37 Indra". www.navsource.org.
  6. ^ "Maritime History Notes: 'Jumboized' T-2 tankers". FreightWaves. October 27, 2020.
  7. ^ "T2 Tankers Still in Active Service". www.t2tanker.org.
  8. ^ Maryland, Preservation. "Save the Crane". Preservation Maryland.
  9. ^ Industry, Baltimore Museum of (March 30, 2020). "The Bethlehem Baltimore Shipyards: Varied Origins, Histories, and Missions".
  10. ^ "Home". The General Ship Repair Corporation.
  11. ^ Commerce Today, Volume 4, May 1974
  12. ^ "StackPath". www.offshore-mag.com.
  13. ^ ""ASK FOR MORE TIME.; Columbian Iron Works Creditors Desire an Extension to Finish Work." The New York Times. December 28, 1899, Wednesday Page 3" (PDF).
  14. ^ "Columbian Iron Works Failure." The New York Times December 21, 1899, Wednesday Page 4" (PDF).
  15. ^ Keith, Robert C. Baltimore Harbor: A Pictorial History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press 2005. p. 93
  16. ^ Knowles, Richard. John P. Holland, 1841-1914: Inventor of the Modern Submarine. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1998. p. 74
  17. ^ "Columbian Iron Works" in Directory of Iron and Steel Works of the United States and Canada. Philadelphia: American Iron and Steel Association v. 13 (1896) p. 256
  18. ^ Forrest, Clarence H. Official History of the Fire Department of the City of Baltimore: Together with Biographies and Portraits of Eminent Citizens of Baltimore.Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1898. pg 154
  19. ^ Baltimore: Its History and Its People, by Hall, Clayton Coleman. Volume 1: History. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Co., 1912. pp. 376–377
  20. ^ Howard, George Washington."William B. Reaney" in The Monumental City: Its Past History and Present Resources . Baltimore: J.D. Ehlers,1873. p. 822
  21. ^ The Nautical Gazette, Volume 98
  22. ^ "Nauticus": A Journal of Shipping, Insurance, Investments, Volume 6, 1919
  23. ^ Pacific marine review" - Internet Archive, 1920
  24. ^ "Bethlehem Baltimore, Baltimore Dry Dock, Columbian Iron Works".
  25. ^ Fight for a Better Navy (Evans) • Part III, Chapter 2 penelope.uchicago.edu
  26. ^ "National Register Properties in Maryland". mht.maryland.gov.
  27. ^ "Tugboat Information". tugboatinformation.com.
  28. ^ RFAs Steadfast from historicalrfa.org
  29. ^ shipbuildinghistory.com Bethbaltimore shipyards
  30. ^ "The Baltimore Dry Docks Ship Building Co". www.marinelink.com.
  31. ^ "Elinor (ID 2465)". www.navsource.org.
  32. ^ "South Pole (ID 3665)". www.navsource.org.
  33. ^ "Polar Bear (ID 3666)". www.navsource.org.
  34. ^ "Polar Sea (ID 3301)". www.navsource.org.
  35. ^ "Polar Star (ID 3787)". www.navsource.org.
  36. ^ "Redwing (AM 48)". www.navsource.org.
  37. ^ navsource Lark (AT[O] 168)
  38. ^ "Miscellaneous Unclassified (IX) Photo Index". www.navsource.org.
  39. ^ "Bobolink (AM 20)". www.navsource.org.
  40. ^ "Pigeon (AM 47)". www.navsource.org.
  41. ^ "Avocet (AM 19)". www.navsource.org.
  42. ^ "Aeolus (ID 3005)". www.navsource.org.
  43. ^ "Thrush (AM 18)". www.navsource.org.
  44. ^ "William T. Malster, MSA SC 3520-12482". msa.maryland.gov.
  45. ^ "Columbian Iron Works and Dry Dock Company". www.globalsecurity.org.
  46. ^ Biographical and historical cyclopedia of Delaware page 423
  47. ^ The Book of Sport, Volume 1, by William Patten, page 397, 1901